We recommend the institution of a Global Citizen Income as a stepping stone toward fostering social, civil and political citizenship at the global level. We outline a gradual implementation roadmap and propose increased international aid, a mix of progressive global taxes and a carbon tax, to fund it. A Global Citizen Income would provide an automatic safety net against systemic shocks like COVID-19 and empower individuals starting, from the most ulnerable.
Il G20 in Italia, tutte le notizie e gli aggiornamenti
Il G20, ovvero “Gruppo dei 20”, è il principale forum di cooperazione economica e finanziaria a livello globale. Si tiene ogni anno, e riunisce le principali economie del mondo, ovvero Canada, Francia, Germania, Giappone, Regno Unito e Stati Uniti (cioè i paesi del G7), i paesi del gruppo “BRICS” – Brasile, Russia, India, Cina e Sudafrica – e anche Arabia Saudita, Australia, Argentina, Corea del Sud, Indonesia, Messico e Turchia. A questi si aggiunge anche l’Unione Europea. Si tratta di un gruppo di paesi che costituiscono l’80% del PIL globale, nonché il 60% della popolazione del pianeta. Quest’anno la presidenza è dell’Italia.
Addressing the learning loss caused by the difficulty of education provision during the COVID-19 pandemic will be a key challenge faced by the world for the coming decades.
We propose to institute a new annual tax of 0.2% on corporations’ stock shares for all publicly listed companies headquartered in G20 countries. As the G20 stock market capitalization is around US$ 90 trillion, the tax would raise approximately US$ 180 billion each year. Because stock ownership is highly concentrated among the rich, this global tax would be progressive. The tax could be paid in-kind by corporations (by issuing new stock) so that the tax does not raise liquidity issues for new and innovative firms, nor does it affect business operations.
Policy areas:
Impact of the pandemic on poverty and inequalities
Education and training: how to recover the ground lost during the lockdown
Remote working, productivity and wellbeing
Women and the youth: enhancing labor market access and job opportunities for vulnerable groups
Providing fair access to social protection in a changing world of work
Strengthening cross-country policy coordination in providing basic income and in taxing multinational corporations
Well-being and social cohesion beyond GDP
Preliminary policy areas:
Fighting climate change while relaunching the global economy
Just transition towards climate-neutral economies
Food and water security in the post-Covid19 scenario
Guidelines and objectives for sustainable cities
Aims, measures and tools to enhance the circular economy
Preserving marine biodiversity and natural protected areas
Green investments and the public-private link
Sustainable development education to empower the youth
Policy areas:
Impact and potential of digital transformation on healthcare services and systems
A digital-led global recovery from COVID-19
Digital education/training to bridge the urban-rural divide, gender and age gap
Impact of new digital technologies and AI on employment and workplaces
Cyber security risks, threats, and data privacy
Global governance framework for data flows and AI
Aims and tools of competition policy in the digital economy
Policy areas:
Global financial safety net and post-pandemic challenges to financial stability
Governance and coordination of international financial institutions
External debt, financial sustainability and debt relief of developing and low-income countries
Transparency and corruption in international capital flows
Digital Money and Finance Public and private debt sustainability: global monitoring and coordinated adjustment strategies
Evolution and coordination of central bank strategies and global financial cycle
This Policy Brief proposes recommendations to promote greater understanding and consensus around policies that will foster data free flows with trust (DFFT) across borders. It takes up the mandate agreed under the G20 Japanese Presidency in 2019 as set out in the G20 Osaka Leaders Declaration. The Policy Brief recognizes the multi-dimensional nature of the issues and actors involved when discussing DFFT. Suggested actions are aimed at generating greater trust around data flows on the part of individuals and governments.
We identify an important feature of current digital governance systems: “third-party funded digital barter” between digital consumers and third-party funders. The interests of the third-party funders are not well-aligned with the interests of the digital consumers. This fundamental flaw of current digital governance systems is responsible for an array of serious problems, including inequities, inefficiencies, manipulation of digital consumers, as well as dangers to social cohesion and democracy.
Digitally enabled food value chains and plant breeding programmes can improve resilience to agricultural productivity fluctuations and food insecurity. Digital innovations and economic values unlocked by online genetic data or digital sequence information (DSI) and other digital technologies must maximise positive social and environmental impacts and avoid exasperating global supply chain risks.
AI is increasingly being used to support and improve human decision-making. This technology holds the promise of delivering valuable insights and knowledge across a multitude of applications. However, the broad adoption and positive impact of AI systems will rely heavily on the ability to trust the whole AI ecosystem, insofar as it is capable of promoting the autonomy of human beings while recognising and respecting their fundamental vulnerability.
Public digital infrastructure, including hard and soft variants, encourages competition, innovation and inclusion. Through the India Stack and Modular Open Source Identity Platform (MOSIP), the Indian experience offers developing countries a path to leapfrog the development phase for digital platforms. Open-source systems offer countries an opportunity to establish low-cost public identity, financial and data exchange systems. The G20’s support of such platforms will accelerate adoption, allowing developing countries to advance digital usage. Funding is key to implementation.