Kenya’s general elections since the onset of multiparty politics in 1992 have always elicited strong sentiment. This year’s election pitting two main contenders - former Prime Minister and veteran opposition leader Raila Odinga and the current Deputy President William Ruto promise just as many fireworks. Raila Odinga is the candidate for Azimio - a coalition of close to twenty political parties that is also supported by the sitting President Uhuru Kenyatta.
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Kenya has had six multiparty elections since 1991 when the one-party state ended, following pressure from civil society and donors. All elections since then have been high-stakes ethnic contests.
As Kenyans head to general elections on 9 August 2022, attention is largely focused on a tight presidential race. However, many of the lower level races are also fiercely contested.
Despite some improvement over the past decade, corruption in Kenya remains rampant: Kenya is ranked 128 among 180 nations in 2021 in terms of perceived corruption, after climbing from position 124 in 2020. Democratic elections are also meant to help keep malpractice and fraud under check. Regrettably, a number of those seeking elective seats in the coming elections have tainted integrity.
Great power competition in Asia comes with the need for China and the US to secure alliances and partnership in the region. In the first half of the 2022, four of the major players – Japan, South Korea, Australia and Philippines – changed the government or held elections. In each of these countries how to relate with China was one of the biggest issues in foreign policy.
The transition from energy systems dominated by fossil fuels[1] to ones based on renewable electricity and carbon-free molecules will significantly impact existing value chains[2] and transform production to consumption lifecycles, dramatically altering interactions among stakeholders.
The world is facing sustainability challenges and constraints due to resource depletion, wasteful and harmful production and consumption, and the emerging impacts of climate change.
When Kais Saïed was elected President of the Republic of Tunisia in 2019, he had just run his campaign on a programme of institutional reform aimed at solving, once and for all, the political crisis that the country is still going through.
Tunisia’s 2011-2021 decade can be summarised as follows: the introduction of democracy, the fall of a semi-socialist state, the deterioration of citizens’ economic conditions, the rise (and fall) of terrorism, and the Covid-19 pandemic. People, however, tend to forget about democracy and focus only on the negative aspects. As such, a new narrative is gaining ground: the crisis started in January 2011, when demonstrations against President Zine El-Abidine Ben Ali intensified -and never ended.
In the run-up to the referendum on July 25th in which Tunisians will be called upon to approve (or reject) President Kais Saïed’s top-down new constitutional draft, attacks against the leading members of the Muslim-oriented Ennahda party have intensified.