The pandemic has rapidly accelerated the role played by digitalisation in our society and highlighted the inequalities associated with it. Rethinking professional workplaces, the education system, and our relationship with technology has become an urgent priority. However, international disputes over internet and data governance are scaling back the potential of digital transformation, fuelling ethical and security issues.
Il mondo cyber ha barriere all’ingresso di gran lunga inferiori a quelle di tutte le altre industrie. Gli investimenti in conto capitale sono praticamente nulli in quanto, grazie al cloud e ai modelli as a Service, gran parte delle risorse sono acquisibili come spese operative o tendono ad essere gratuite.
Today, it is an incontrovertible fact that the battlefield has become virtual, just like the ability of cyber weapons to bring about real damage [1]. The very actors in the field, even though their roles are well defined, are not the classic protagonists of international relations. The clearly defined cyber arena encompasses a number of stakeholders that are no longer just states, but also non-state actors, multinational companies, terrorists, individuals. All these stakeholders are confronting each other in the cyber arena without a regulatory framework.
On 12 February 2018, the General Secretary for Defense and National Security Louis Gautier presented the French Strategic Review of Cyber Defense. The French approach to cyber defense in 2017 and 2018 has been pivotal.
Cyber Warfare today is emerging as a new challenge, since the actors involved in contemporary armed conflicts also carry out attacks on computer networks. Terrible humanitarian consequences may arise from attacks on transportations systems (such as the control of civilian air traffic) or on electrical power, water supplies, chemical or nuclear plants, dams or oil structures and pipelines. This is to be seen in the wider context of cybersecurity issues with reference to critical infrastructures.